القول الشارح

The definition (ḥadd) is a statement indicating the essence (māhiyyah) of a thing.

Ìtumọ̀ (ḥadd) ni ọ̀rọ̀ tí ń tọ́ka sí ẹ̀mí-ara (māhiyyah) ohun kan.

And it is that which is composed of the thing's genus and its proximate differentia—like "the rational animal" in relation to the human being. [And this is the complete definition (al-ḥadd at-tāmm).]

Òun sì ni èyí tí a kó jọ láti inú iran ohun kan àti ìyàtọ̀ rẹ̀ tí ó sún mọ́—bí "ẹranko olọgbọ́n" ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú èèyàn. [Èyí sì ni ìtumọ̀ kíkún (al-ḥadd at-tāmm).]

[And the incomplete definition (al-ḥadd an-nāqiṣ)]: it is that which is composed of the thing's remote genus and its proximate differentia—like "the rational body" in relation to the human being.

[Ìtumọ̀ aláìpé (al-ḥadd an-nāqiṣ)]: òun ni èyí tí a kó jọ láti inú iran ohun kan tí ó jìnnà àti ìyàtọ̀ rẹ̀ tí ó sún mọ́—bí "ara olọgbọ́n" ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú èèyàn.

And the complete description (ar-rasm at-tāmm): it is that which is composed of the thing's proximate genus and its inseparable properties—like "the laughing animal" in defining the human being.

Àti àpèjúwe kíkún (ar-rasm at-tāmm): òun ni èyí tí a kó jọ láti inú iran ohun kan tí ó sún mọ́ àti àwọn ìdànímọ́ rẹ̀ tí kò ṣeé yà kúrò—bí "ẹranko tí ń rẹ́rìn-ín" nínú ìtumọ̀ èèyàn.

And the incomplete description (ar-rasm an-nāqiṣ): it is that which is composed of accidental occurrences whose totality is specific to a single reality—like our saying in defining the human being that he is: (walking on his two feet, broad-nailed, bare-skinned, upright in stature, laughing by nature).

Àti àpèjúwe aláìpé (ar-rasm an-nāqiṣ): òun ni èyí tí a kó jọ láti inú àwọn ìṣẹlẹ iṣẹríwá tí àpapọ̀ wọn yàtọ̀ sí òtítọ́ kan ṣoṣo—bí ọ̀rọ̀ wa nínú ìtumọ̀ èèyàn pé ó jẹ́: (tí ń rìn lórí ẹsẹ̀ rẹ̀ méjèèjì, tí èékánná rẹ̀ gbòòrò, tí awọ ara rẹ̀ hàn, tí ìdúró rẹ̀ tọ̀, tí ń rẹ́rìn-ín ní àdánidá).